Economic importance of ferns pdf

Mention has been made by sushruta and charak regarding the medicinal uses of marsilea minuta l. Historically, they have been an important source of drugs, food, and fibers as well as other. Economic development first became a major concern after world war ii. The theory of economic developmenthow primitive and poor economies can evolve into sophisticated and relatively prosperous onesis of critical importance to underdeveloped countries, and it is usually in this context that the issues of economic development are discussed. Economic importance of plants plants are extremely important in the lives of people throughout the world. Haeckel 1866 called these groups of plants as pteridophytes because of their pinnate or feather like fronds leaves. This paper is a compendium of fern uses and folklore. Silk fabrics are bright strong and light in weight 5. Partly because of their considerable age, ferns contain a high amount of diversity, with some groups that look nothing like the more common representatives we usually associate with ferns. Heres a brief list of some of the amazing roles that ferns can play. Gertrude stein the rose family the rose is a rose and was always a rose. In philippines, an edible fern called pako grows abundantly in shady streams. The possessor of these seeds allowed the finder to understand the language of birds, find buried treasure, and have the strength of forty men.

Hummer and jules janick a rose by any other name would smell as sweet. In terms of their ecological and economic importance. Despite a relatively large number of theories, the actual origins of the vegetative organs of ferns are still unknown. The economic importance of the kingdom monera is it used for soil fertility. In terms of their ecological and economic importance, angiosperms are. Request pdf ecological importance of ferns ferns immediately capture the. Thus, these characteristics make them horticulturally important plants. As a group of plants, ferns are not of great economic value. Economic importance of bryophytes biotech articles. The sporangia usually occur in clusters called sori singular. David whitmore, an introduction to ferns, their structure, biology, economic importance, cultivation and propagation. Even today, many tribal communities and rural populations are dependent heavily upon the natural resources obtained from the surrounding forest regions for treatment of various ailments and diseases. Dec 05, 2016 status of pteridophytes india 500 species of ferns and 100 species of fern allies other than the order of fillicales are on record from india pteridophytic flora of india comprises of 67 families, 191 genera and more than species including 47 endemic indian ferns, and 414 species of pteridophytes 219 at risk, of which 160.

The number and arrangement of vascular bundles in the petiole is helpful in fern taxonomy. In general, ferns are of minor economic importance to humans. Landscape and floral industry ferns are a staple in the landscape and floral industry. Economics and economic education are important for providing people with valuable insight into how foreign and domestic markets operate, which allows them to make reasoned and rational choices for shortterm and longterm financial benefits. Many different species have been used as a minor food source and for medicine in various parts of the world. Mosses and ferns are economically important because they may be grown and sold as food for other organisms. Ferns immediately capture the imagination of all who are fortunate enough to notice them. The remarkable adaptations of ferns to various disturbances, including their abilities to accumulate toxins in their environment, suggest an important role for ferns in conservation and restoration. Pteridium leaves are used for making the green dye. Many ferns from tropical rain forests are epiphytes, which means they only grow on other plant species. Angiosperms thus form the basis for most terrestrial food chains. While they dont have any major economic importance, they have a minor economic impact in the floral and landscape industry, and are important in areas where they are used for food. Tree ferns have long aerial stems but these are pteridophytes. The young fronds and underground stem of the fern asplenium ensiforme.

Its sufficient to say that the 12,000plus species of ferns in the world likely play many, many different roles. Sexual reproduction is accomplished by the release of spores, which develop in special structures called sporangia singular. Club mosses are used as a dry industrial lubricant since its microscopic spore contains nonvolatile oils. Of the pteridophytes, ferns account for nearly 90% of the extant diversity. This can occur, for example, by the formation of sand dunes, the exposure of land by deglaciation, or by t. Theophrastus 327287 bc and dioscorides 50 ad mentioned and referred the medicinal attributes of. The gymnosperms are with high economic importance to mankind. Several lineages of paleozoic seed ferns are now known. Economics is concerned with helping individuals and society decide on the optimal allocation of our limited resources. It is also used in foods such as vinegar, soy sauce, and cheese. For easy understanding, the economic importance of gymnosperms can be categorized in the following heads. More than 12000 different species of ferns are distributed worldwide. Mosses are extremely important during the early stages of ecological succession.

There are also some purely aquatic ferns such as water fern or water velvet salvinia molesta and mosquito ferns. Ferns are vascular plants that do not produce seeds. Selaginella, adiantum, dryopteris, equisetum horsetail salvinia. However they influence man through the important role they often play in the economy of nature, as rock builders, as aids in soil conservation and as plants which an important part in the development of vegetation.

Ferns, which are eaten worldwide, are currently being explored as a possible source of carcinoma in humans when ingested. The greatest economic value of ferns has been in horticulture, with large nurseries supplying millions of plants annually for both indoor decoration and outdoor. Examining statistics about the state of the economy and explaining their significance. Division tracheophyta tracheophytes vascular plants. Strictly speaking, the banana plant is a giant herb. It is usually suggested that the original fern stem was protostelic its stele having no pith or leaf gaps, but this is not necessarily true of the immediate ancestor of modern ferns. Chapter 22 bryophytes university of california, davis. Ferns are used as medicines to cure diseases in various countries. Introduction to ferns, their structure, biology, economic importance, cultivation, and propagation includes a brief history of mayberry, a map of the surrounding area, character biographies, capsule episode summaries, and trivia quizzes. A pteridophyte is a vascular plant with xylem and phloem that disperses spores. The leap onto land bryophytes faced many problems when they moved onto the land key innovations in land plants first appear in the bryophytes bryophytes are not a natural group bryophyte relationships remain uncertain hornworts liverworts some liverworts have thalloid bodies.

In addition, peat moss is grown in some parts of the world for use as fuel. People depend upon plants to satisfy such basic human needs as food, clothing, shelter, and health care. Silk fibres are used in aviation industry parachute and balloon making 6. The economic uses and associated folklore of ferns and. Most animals provide food, leather and help in transportation 3. Theophrastus 327287 bc and discovered 50 ad had referred the medicinal attributes of certain ferns. Ferns importance to humans plants, plant, species, and cells. Source for information on economic importance of plants. Historically, they have been an important source of drugs, food, and fibers as well as other products. The bole is generally short and can be 10 50cm in diameter 404. These needs are growing rapidly because of a growing world population, increasing incomes, and urbanization.

It is because of this indirect influence of bryophytes on man that they are regarded as of economic importance. They have been the subject of research for their ability to remove some chemical pollutants from the atmosphere. Edible fern crosiers young leaves with coiled hookshaped tips are popular in some areas. However, ferns are popular horticultural plants and many species are grown in ornamental. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext.

The evolution and diversification of epiphytic ferns pdf phd thesis. Grasses belong to the poaceae family which is also known as gramineae. Plant body is a sporophyte 2n and differentiated into true stem, leaves and roots. In this article we will discuss about the characters and economic importance of pteridophytes. Mar 23, 2018 the pteridophytes are an economically important group of plants. Ecological importance of ferns request pdf researchgate. Of great importance in fern taxonomy is the distinction between eupolypods i and ii i. Like reptiles first true land animals that evolved after. Succession begins with the generation of a new environment. Its importance and general characteristics hubpages. Ferns belong to the first tropic level of various food chainswebs in the biosphere as they are considered producers too. Ferns are not of major economic importance, but some are used for food, medicine, as biofertilizer, as ornamental plants and for remediating contaminated soil. Ferns are great landscape plants, and are used for their attractive lacy foliage. Grasses are often taken for granted but actually are the most important plant group.

Economic importance of pteridophytes,several ferns such as angiopteris, asplenium, marattia, microsorium, nephrolepis, phymatodes, etc. An introduction to ferns, their structure, biology, economic. Ferns are not of major economic importance, but some are used for food. What are the economic importance of mosses and ferns. Understanding what happens in markets and the macroeconomy. Publisher weinheim year 1959 isbndescription an excellent and very comprehensive guide but it only gives very short descriptions of the uses without any details of how to utilize the plants. The different species of selaginella are grown as the garden plants. Primary producers in most terrestrial ecosystems, angiosperms account for most of the photosynthetic conversion of radiant energy into chemical energy. The evolution, morphology, and development of fern leaves. With their large, highly dissected and shiny green leaves, ferns are so visually appealing that many are.

Ferns are distributed in all climate zones of the planet, but have a greater diversity in the tropics smith et al. Pteridophytes, the seedless vascular cryptogams which. The economic uses and associated folklore of ferns and fern allies springerlink. Image sourceimage sourcegetty images economics and economic education are important for providing people with valuable insight into how foreign and domestic markets operate, which allows them to make reasoned and rational choices for shortterm and longterm financial benefits. Jul 18, 2010 the economic importance of the kingdom monera is it used for soil fertility. Pteridophytes ferns and fern allies the plant list. An introduction to ferns, their structure, biology, economic importance, cultivation, and propagation david l jones on. Ferns, horsetails often treated as ferns, and lycophytes clubmosses, spikemosses, and quillworts are all pteridophytes. David lloyd publication date 1987 topics ferns, ferns, ornamental publisher.

Leucaena leucocephala is an evergreen shrub or tree with a fairly open, rounded crown. Ferns and their allies have an interesting history which is reflected in folklore and legends. The economic uses and associated folklore of ferns and fern. Because pteridophytes produce neither flowers nor seeds, they are sometimes referred to as cryptogams, meaning that their means of reproduction is hidden. The ecological role that ferns play is difficult to pin down. Gann, institute for regional conservation, 1997 personal communication or possibly native lucansky, university of florida, 1997 personal communica. The pteridophytes are an economically important group of plants.

The economic uses and associated folklore of ferns and fern allies. Chapter 22 bryophytes mosses have several forms of asexual environment. Ferns show various economic values towards food, fodder indicators, biofertilizers and insect repellents ghosh et al. Ethnomedicinal study the economic importance of pteridophyes is well known. But the theory now goes that the apples a rose, and the pear is, and sos the plum, i suppose. The fundamental problem of economics is said to be scarcity the idea that wants demand is greater than the resources we have. A fern polypodiopsida or polypodiophyta is a member of a group of vascular plants that. Trees and their economic importance 323 the banana tree plant has only a thick false stem pseudostem, which is not woody but made up of a central core of soft tissues concealed by the fibrous and sheathing bases of large leaves. Diversity, uses and economic value of ferns international journal. The economic importance of mollusc is that there are a staple food in many countries.